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Science of Supplements

by VRM Media | April 1, 2010

This special section of Vitamin Retailer comes in response to the industry’s desire for more information—retailers wanting to know more about the products they sell and manufacturers, suppliers and private labelers wanting to offer the science that backs the effectiveness of their products.

We have featured a similar section annually in Nutrition Industry Executive since 2002, where it is designed to help manufacturers gain a better understanding of the ingredients and services available that can make their products stand out. Science of Supplements gives the magazine’s advertisers an opportunity to describe in some detail the research that goes into their products and company services.

These companies have responded to this opportunity with background information about the health concerns their products are intended to address, histories of the nutrients behind their products and details of research carried out on them. We’ve also provided company addresses, phone numbers and website addresses to make obtaining additional information easier.

Following is an index of companies participating in the 2010 VR Science of Supplements section:Allera Health Products, Inc. 12707 High Bluff Dr. San Diego, CA 92130 Phone: (888) IMMUNE-8 • (888) 466-8638) e-Mail: retail@allerahealth.com Website: www.immunextra.com The Immunity Benefits of Pinecone Extract (PPC) By Frank Tufaro, PhD, president and CEO of Allera Health Products, Inc.Pinecone extract, also called PPC, is a natural polyphenolic mixture of lignins complexed with polysaccharides.1 Lignin is the second most abundant organic polymer on earth and is an important component of plants and algae. Lignin is naturally cross-linked to polysaccharides, which in pinecone extract are primarily mannose, fucose, arabinose, galactose and glucose.2 Proligna® brand pinecone extract, distributed by Allera Health Products as Immune Extra®, is made by immersing young, clean pinecones in hot water at a high pH to tease apart the lignin-polysaccharide molecules and release them into the water in a bioactive form. The liquid extract is then dried (using no chemicals) and encapsulated into vegetarian capsules. Pinecone extract is extremely stable, and is not easily degraded by heat, acids, bases or enzymes. The extract can be stored indefinitely at room temperature.3 Pinecone extract has a medicinal history that dates back to the Greek physician Dioscorides (40-90 A.D.), and has been used for over 100 years in Japan for a variety of medical conditions.

The advent of modern molecular immunology in the 1980’s prompted scientists to investigate the biological properties of PPC, which resulted in more than 30 scientific publications. Dr. Sakagami provides an excellent review of this early work.4 Safety Testing The safety and tolerability of PPC administered orally has been examined in human clinical studies.5 PPC (Immune Extra by Allera Health Products) was evaluated in a double-blind, placebocontrolled study of 46 human subjects at three US medical centers. After several months of daily ingestion of 16-96mg of Immune Extra (one to six capsules), no significant differences were observed in the blood chemistry or other safety parameters tested compared to the placebo group. These results suggest that long-term use of pinecone extract is well tolerated and does not cause significant toxicity or side effects.

Effects of PPC on Human Blood Cells Dendritic cells (DCs) are the most potent antigen-presenting cells of the immune system7 and play an important role in anticancer host immune responses as well as immune tolerance and autoimmunity.

Bradley et al.6 demonstrated that incubation of human blood cells called monocytes with PPC causes the monocytes to differentiate into cells resembling Dcs with high efficiency.

These results are remarkable because monocytes usually require incubation with two human cytokines called granulocyte-macrophage colonystimulating factor (GM-CSF) and interleukin 4 (IL-4) to differentiate into Dcs.7-8 These results suggest that PPC might be a useful agent for efficiently making dendritic cells for cancer immunotherapy.

Although it is not known whether PPC stimulates dendritic cell formation after ingestion, the fact that PPC exhibits potent cytokine-like activity is intriguing and warrants further investigation.

IgE and Allergy Immunoglobulin E (IgE) is a class of antibody that plays an important role in allergy. IgE-mediated allergies affect more than 50 million people in the United States and represent a huge burden on the health care system. Since numerous studies have demonstrated a strong correlation between the reduction of serum IgE levels and noticeable improvement in the well being of people suffering from most allergies, Burrows et. Al.3 investigated the effects of PPC on IgE production, cytokine balance and antigen-specific cytotoxic T cell response. The results showed that oral administration of PPC reduces serum IgE levels in mice and significantly suppresses an IgE response.

Significantly, this activity appears to be associated with an enhancement of a Th1-associated cellular immune response, suggesting that PPC in some way rebalances the immune system toward Th1 immunity.

Future Directions Collectively, these studies suggest that pinecone extract is well tolerated and possesses potent biological characteristics that affect the immune system. Future studies to define the dosage and timing to reduce allergy or to promote disease-fighting would be necessary before pinecone extract can be used as a prescription drug for the treatment of disease. Pinecone extract is nonetheless an important, ancient compound that is used today for maintaining health and wellness.

References: 1 Oh-Hara T et al. Lignified materials as potential medicinal resources. In Vivo 1990, 4:221.

2 Sakagami H. Antitumor activity of polysaccharide fractions from pine cone extract.

Anticancer Res 1987, 7:1153.

3 Burrows M et al. Oral administration of PPC enhances antigen-specific CD8+ T cell responses.

BMC Comp and Alt. Med. 2009, 9:49.

4 Sakagami H et al. Antitumor, antiviral and immunopotentiating activities of pine cone extracts. Anticancer Res 1991, 11:881.

5 Riser J et al. Results of a double-blind clinical study: 2010, in preparation (data available from Allera Health Products upon request).

6 Bradley WG et al. The novel differentiation of human blood mononuclear cells into CD1anegative dendritic cells. Internat. Immunopharm.

2003 3:209.

7 Steinman, R M. The dendritic cell system and its role in immunogenicity. Annu. Rev. Immunol 1991, 9:271.

8 Sallusto F, and Lanzavecchia A: Efficient presentation of soluble antigen by cultured human dendritic cells. J. Exp. Med 1994. 179,

1109. Barlean’s 4936 Lake Terrell Rd. Ferndale, WA 98248 Phone: (800) 445-3529 e-Mail: orders@barleans.com Website: www.barleans.com; twitter.com/barleans; facebook.com/barleans Emulsified Fish Oil In this study, a head-to-head comparison was made between an emulsified fish oil supplement (Barlean’s Omega Swirl) and conventional liquid fish oil to assess potential differences in bioavailability. The per-dose milligram content of EPA and DHA was identical for both samples.

Materials:

• 10 milliliters of Barlean’s Omega Swirl: Providing 360mg of EPA and 360mg of DHA per dose

• 3.5 milliliters of fish oil: Providing 360mg of EPA and 360mg of DHA per dose The same exact fish oil was used both in the production of Omega Swirl and as the straight fish oil supplement.

Study Subjects: Six individuals with an average age of 17, in good general health, equally divided by gender and consuming a standard UK diet were chosen for the study.

Phase 1: Fish Oil Dosing Baseline omega-3 blood levels were established in the study subjects.

Subjects were then fed a standard meal. Thirty minutes later, 3.5ml of straight fish oil, providing 360mg of EPA and 360mg of DHA was administered orally to each subject.

Blood samples were then collected at one, two, three, four and five hours post dose to assess omega-3 bioavailability.

Phase 2: Return to Baseline All subjects returned to standard UK diet for 30 days prior to next phase of study to allow for complete washout of any residual EPA and DHA from the initial fish oil dosing and a return to baseline levels.

Phase 3: Omega Swirl Dosing Baseline omega-3 blood levels were reestablished in the study subjects. Subjects were then fed the same identical meal as in the first phase. Thirty minutes later, 10ml of Omega Swirl, providing 360mg of EPA and 360mg of DHA was administered orally to each subject. Blood samples were then collected at one, two, three, four and five hours post dose to assess omega-3 bioavailability.

Phase 4: Assessment Differences between the amount of omega-3 absorbed in the blood stream with Omega Swirl and straight fish oil were assessed.

Results The total percentage of omega-3 in the blood as a result of the Omega Swirl dose was greater than that of the reference fish oil dose by a factor of 10. This study demonstrated much greater bioavailability of Omega Swirl over the reference fish oil with over 90 percent greater absorption.

Principal researcher Dr. Tom Gilhooly stated that in light of the extraordinary result of this preliminary study an expanded, peer-reviewed study is merited.P. O. Box 11686 Lexington, KY 40577 Phone: (888) 521-8867 Website: www.baxyl.com Key Component of Baxyl Believed to be the First Orally Administered Hyaluronan Supplement to Protect Cartilage and Bone Researchers from Kentucky, MO, and Ontario, Canada believe MHB3 hyaluronan— the key component of the joint supplement Baxyl®—may have profound results in protecting healthy cartilage and bone, and supporting overall joint health.

MHB3 is a patent-pending, modified hyaluronan biopolymer molecularly engineered using a proprietary process that assures consistency in molecular profile, molecular weight and polydispersity. The fully hydrated MHB3 is believed to be a primary reason for Baxyl’s efficacy.

It is a tall challenge to prove that any oral supplement is bioavailable, let alone has beneficial effect.

Yet, that was the challenge taken up by researchers at the University of Western Ontario, thought leaders on cartilage and osteoarthritis research. In a preclinical investigation, Dr. Ian Welch and his fellow researchers confirmed MHB3’s support of healthy cartilage in a model of osteoarthritis. Welch concluded, “The effect of Baxyl’s proprietary MHB3 formulation in supporting healthy articular cartilage was dramatic.” I spend most of my professional time helping people deal with joint pain and inflammation by prescribing drugs, injecting joints and, in the worst cases, replacing joints entirely. Therefore, the idea of systemically supporting cartilage with Baxyl had tremendous appeal to my patients and me.

One quarter of the American adult population report chronic joint symptoms (CJS). Over 50 percent of those reporting CJS have symptoms with multiple joints. Among those reporting CJS, the joints most effected where the knee (58 percent), the shoulder (30 percent), the fingers/thumb (27 percent), the hip (24 percent) and the ankle (22 percent).

For the clinical trial CJS was defined as joint pain, aching and stiffness during the past 30 days with symptoms onset for over three months. Treatment of CJS is usually limited to short-term symptom control with palliative over-the-counter and prescription drugs.

Hyaluronan, found throughout the body’s tissues and fluids, has multiple complementary mechanisms of action.

Hyaluronan directly affects the composition of synovial fluid and provides the backbone for cartilage matrix. Apart from its structural role, hyaluronan influences cell proliferation, differentiation and migration, angiogenesis, as well as inflammation and immune cell function.

The evaluation of 50 adult subjects (avg. 59 years) with CJS was conducted to identify the effects of daily oral supplementation with MHB3. Subjects selfadministered .5-1 tsp. Of the viscous syrup twice daily for 30 consecutive days. Participants completed direct feedback surveys daily helping facilitate compliance. Subjects identified the affected joints, their pain levels and daily activity levels.

Forty-two subjects (84 percent) reported good to excellent results in relief of pain and stiffness. To be included in the “good to excellent” group the subject had to report a noticeable improvement in joint symptoms with continued relief once the effect was noticed. Four subjects (eight percent) noticed only minimal benefit during the trial but within four to five days of trial termination reported an increase in pain and stiffness, concluding that improvements were gradual and unremarkable during the trial. This group is not included with the positive results reported above. Four subjects (eight percent) reported no benefits during the trial.

Time to improvement ranged from five to 30 days with an average of 21 days.

There were no reports of side effects or drug interactions, and no one discontinued the trial. Several subjects voluntarily reduced their non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) use based on improvements during the trial.

It was concluded that the daily supplementation of Baxyl with MHB3 hyaluronan relieves joint pain and inflammation contributing to an improved range of motion and an increase in daily activity among the majority of subjects with CJS.

Additionally, it was found that the use of Baxyl is safe, as there were no side effects, drug interactions or contra-indications reported.

To learn more about these studies, visit www.baxyl.com. References Welch, I, Hill, T. “Effects of a Modified Hyaluronan Biopolymer (MHB3) on Cartilage Loss in a Monoarthritis Model 2008.” http://www.baxyl.com/02_mhb3.php Welch, I, Hill, T. “Evaluation of a Modified Hyaluronan Biopolymer (MHB3) on Cartilage Loss and Osteophyte Formation in a Knee Instability Model 2007.” http://www.baxyl.com/02_mhb3.php Bucci, L, Turpin, A. “Will the Real Hyaluronan Please Stand Up?” J Appl Nutri, Vol 54;1,2004.

Ma, J, Turley, E, Bhalla, A, Holdsworth, D, Granton, P. “Evaluation of MHB3 on the Development of Osteopenia 2008.” http://www.baxyl.com/02_mhb3.php.Bluebonnet Nutrition Corp. 12915 Dairy Ashford Sugar Land, TX 77478 Phone: (281) 240-3332 Fax: (281) 240-3535 Website: www.bluebonnetnutrition.com The Sunshine Vitamin’s Impact on HealthThe light on the sunshine vitamin—vitamin D—is shining brightly lately and not just in areas of bone health, such as osteopenia, osteoporosis, osteomalacia and hip fractures. In fact, it is also said that vitamin D deficiency may precipitate or exacerbate autoimmune and cardiovascular conditions. But before going into the structure/function applications of vitamin D, it is first important to understand the history and background of this important nutrient.

There are two forms of vitamin D: D2 and D3. Vitamin D2 (ergocalciferol) is found in yeast that has been exposed to ultraviolet B (UV-B) light, while vitamin D3 (cholecalciferol) is a fat-soluble vitamin sourced from the sun or from fish oil or lanolin. Vitamin D3 requires conversion in the liver and kidneys to form the physiologically active hormone form of vitamin D. Vitamin D is the only conditional vitamin in human nutrition, as we are not exposed to sufficient sunlight due to geography, shelter, clothing or atmospheric pollution/sunscreen, which may block UV-B and may require dietary intake of vitamin D. It has been known that even sufficient body stores of vitamin D from summer skin exposure may be inadequate by the end of the winter.

The recommended daily allowance for vitamin D is 400 IU; however, the adequate intake (AI) for vitamin D after the age of 50 is only 600 IU. In fact, a recent study in the American Journal of Public Health called for a change in the DRI to 1,000 IU for all people who run the risk of a vitamin D deficiency.

According to data taken from the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES III, 1988-

1994) and the Continuing Survey of Food Intakes by Individuals, the intake of vitamin D from food sources and dietary supplements is not meeting recommended levels. This is why supplementation of vitamin D is so important.

Structure/Function Application of Vitamin D3 Building strong bones and teeth requires the effort of more than just calcium.

In fact, vitamin D helps facilitate calcium absorption in the body. Vitamin D also works in concert with a number of other vitamins, minerals and hormones to harden the bones.

Bone consists of calcium and magnesium combined with other ions and minerals to form calcium hydroxyapatite, which provides structural integrity. Bone constantly remodels itself, which is facilitated by parathyroid hormone and vitamin D via cells that break down and reabsorb bone called osteoclasts and cells that, in turn, form and develop bone called osteoblasts. The active hormonal form of vitamin D functions in a similar way as the parathyroid hormone in that it mobilizes calcium stores from bone if dietary calcium intake is too low.

Vitamin D deficiency causes abnormal bone formation. In children, this is known as rickets, a bone disease in which bone mineralization is compromised, resulting in soft bones and skeletal deformities. Vitamin D deficiency can result in osteopenia, osteomalacia or osteoporosis in adults. Osteopenia is low bone mass, which is a risk factor for osteoporosis. Osteomalacia is excess tissue accumulation in unmineralized bone matrix characterized by muscular weakness and softening of the bones, which results in the lack of calcium and/or phosphate being incorporated into the protein bone matrix.

Osteomalacia is caused by poor diet, lack of vitamin D and/or lack of exposure to sunlight and has been associated with certain drugs used in the elderly.

Osteoporosis is a disease caused by a reduction in the quantity of normally mineralized bone—sometimes due to vitamin D deficiency—and is characterized by fragile bones, which significantly increases the risk of bone fractures.

In addition, speaking to the importance of vitamin D on bone health, researchers from the University of Warwick in the UK performed the first ever systematic review and meta-analysis looking at the association between blood levels of vitamin D and cardiovascular disease (CVD). Twenty-eight studies giving data on 99,745 participants across a variety of ethnic groups including men and women were included in this meta-analysis, published in the journal Maturitas. Although the potential mechanism of action on how vitamin D works to support cardiovascular health is not fully understood, one theory is that by helping increase calcium absorption into the bone, vitamin D reduces the amount of calcium in the blood.

Excess calcium in the blood can cause calcification in the walls of blood vessels resulting in hardening of the arteries (which can also impact blood pressure).

References: Greenspan, S. L., Resnick, N. M., & Parker,

R. A. (2005). Vitamin D supplementation in older women. Journals of Gerontology, 60, 754-759.

Parker, J., Hashmi, O., Dutton, D., Mavrodaris, A., Stranges, S., Kandala, N. B., Franco, O. H. (2010). Levels of vitamin D and cardiometabolic disorders: Systematic review and meta-analysis. Maturitas, 65, 225-236.Gaia Herbs, Inc. 101 Gaia Herbs Dr. Brevard, NC 28712 Phone: (800) 831-7780 e-Mail: info@gaiaherbs.com Website: www.gaiaherbs.com Botanical Adaptogens Modify the Stress Response By Dr. Keri Marshall, medical director for Gaia HerbsThe end of a long winter can easily bring on feelings of depression, fatigue and an overall diminished sense of stamina, even for a typically healthy individual. This is often attributed to stress, from which many people suffer every day. Stress is defined as any situation or condition that causes undue physical, emotional and/or mental strain on the body. Chronic stress may present itself as difficulty concentrating, sleeping and an overall sense of feeling burned out. When one experiences stress, in any form, the adrenal glands secrete specific hormones such as cortisol and DHEA that have a profound effect on the body. Over time, as one experiences stress on a daily basis, the adrenal glands can function less optimally, secreting unhealthy levels of these stress-related hormones.

With conditions related to stress, consumers and integrative practitioners often look toward a class of herbs commonly known as adaptogenic herbs, which can exert a stress protective effect. Adaptogenic herbs help the body maintain a healthy response to stress by supporting the adrenal glands and nourishing the nervous system.

These herbs have long been called adaptogens for their ability to adapt or maintain the health and function of the adrenal glands. The key role of adaptogens is to help maintain normal secretion levels of key stress-related hormones, thus reducing the effect of stress on both physical and mental well-being.

Rhodiola rosea, also known as “golden root,” has a rich history in European countries where it is commonly known as “brain root.” It also has a traditional folk history of being able to increase physical performance and longevity, reduce fatigue and depression, and has recently been proven to do so in clinical studies. Rhodiola rosea supports the function of adrenal glands and encourages a healthy response to physical, emotional and mental stress by normalizing cortisol levels and other stressrelated hormones. If used regularly, it enhances the body’s natural resistance and adaptation to stressful influences.

Many clinical trials in recent years have begun to demonstrate what traditional herbalists have long known with regard to rhodiola. Most recently, in a randomized, double-blind, placebocontrolled study, 60 participants were blinded to receive either 576mg of standardized rhodiola extract daily, or a placebo. Prior to the study, all participants reported feeling fatigue that was significant enough to negatively impact their daily functioning. After 28 days, the rhodiola-treated group reported a significant anti-fatigue affect that increased cognitive functioning, particularly the ability to concentrate, as well as a significant improvement in morning cortisol levels.

While rhodiola may be one of the most studied adrenal adaptogen botanicals, several others have also been explored for their ability to modulate the stress response in the body. Animal studies conducted on holy basil demonstrate that in extract form it has promising anti-stress effects by normalizing hyperglycemia, plasma corticosterone and adrenal hypertrophy. All of the above mentioned conditions are often observed in individuals with chronic stress. Other studies of holy basil suggest that it has the potential to normalize inflammatory pathways in the body as well as protect the body from oxidative stress.

Ashwagandha, often referred to as “Indian ginseng,” is a common herb used in ayurvedic medicine to support mental and physical vitality and stamina.

It naturally contains steroidal compounds and additional chemical constituents that advance the body’s natural resistance and adaptation to stressful influences. Several studies demonstrate that ashwagandha also protects the body from oxidative stress, as well as supports the body in immune modulation, and exerts a neuroprotective effect. A recent animal study demonstrated that ashwagandha was able to mediate inhibition of nitric oxide production, which is known to cause neurodegeneration during stress. Studies such as these help begin to demonstrate the effectiveness of botanicals that have been used safely and effectively for centuries.

These herbs along with schisandra and wild milky oats, may help reduce the short- and long-term effects of stress. Their nourishing properties can be felt almost immediately for some.

Adaptogens help create a balanced and grounded feeling as stress hormones are normalized and a sense of wellbeing enters your body again.

References: Bhatnagar M, Sharma D, Salvi M. Neuroprotective effects of Withania somnifera dunal.: A possible mechanism. Neurochem Res.

2009 Nov;34(11):1975-83.

Gupta P, Yadav DK, Siripurapu KB, et al.

Constituents of Ocimum sanctum with antistress activity. J Nat Prod. 2007 Sep;70(9):1410-6.

Olsson EM, von Schéele B, Panossian AG. A Randomised, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled, Parallel-Group Study of the Standardised Extract SHR-5 of the Roots of Rhodiola rosea in the Treatment of Subjects with Stress-Related Fatigue. Planta Med. 2009 Feb;75(2):105-12.

Panossian A, Wikman G. Evidence-based efficacy of adaptogens in fatigue, and molecular mechanisms related to their stress-protective activity. Curr Clin Pharmacol, 2009 Sep:4(3):198-219.Garden of Life 5500 N. Village Blvd., Ste. 202 West Palm Beach, FL 33407 Phone: (800) 622-8986 Fax: (866) 465-0058 What Science Tells Us About Enzymes: We Just Can’t Do Without ThemWe can do without a lot of things, but enzymes aren’t one of them. At least that’s what the experts tell us, including one scientist named Lita Lee. Lee holds a PhD in chemistry and is a well-known author, lecturer, nutritionist and enzyme therapist. Her bottom line on enzymes: “Your life, vitality and health depend upon an adequate supply of enzymes.” Most of us have heard of enzymes and may know that there are three main types of enzymes: metabolic enzymes, food enzymes and digestive enzymes.

There are over 3,000 enzymes in the human body, but all enzymes fall into one of these three categories.

There are hundreds of metabolic enzymes that keep the body humming, including those in the heart, brain, lungs, kidneys, cells, blood and bones.

Food enzymes are found naturally in raw, uncooked foods; they help digest foods so nutrients can be absorbed into the bloodstream. Food enzymes can easily be destroyed, however, when foods are heated from 105-125 degrees or above.

Digestive enzymes, like food enzymes, help digest food so it’s absorbed properly by the body. The difference between the two is that food enzymes are derived from fresh, raw, uncooked foods, while digestive enzymes are made inside the body.

Maybe that’s why so many people flock to raw food, raw food-based supplements and enzyme supplementation— for the enzyme power.

The impact of enzymes goes even further, though. Take pancreatic enzymes, for example. The pancreas makes enzymes for the digestion and absorption of food: lipases (to digest fats), proteases (to digest proteins) and amylases (to digest carbs). But that’s only a fraction of what these and other enzymes—such as proteolytic (protein eating) and systemic (those that affect the entire body) enzymes—can do.

The truth is that these enzymes are effective at the cellular level because enzymes have the ability to devour the protein coating protecting certain unwanted cells in the body. That’s highly significant, too, because when enzymes gobble up the stubborn outer protection for these cells, then the immune system is able to be more efficient.

Lee described it this way: “Like little Pac men, these enzymes support a healthy immune system by digesting and disposing of toxins and eating the coating of certain viruses, enabling immune system workers to then destroy them.” These powerful enzymes circulate through the bloodstream and support cellular health by diminishing the “stickiness” factor associated with unwanted cellular proliferation. This “sticky” substance, called fibrin, is an adhesive outer protein coating on some cells that can be up to 15 times thicker than the protective protein coating on other cells. Amazingly, enzymes can digest fibrin, which is also known to “spider web” its way throughout the entire body over time. If it’s not tamed early, fibrin can lead to some unhealthy results.

But that’s not all these amazing enzymes do. They also support healthy levels of inflammation, which is a good and necessary immune system response that can literally save our lives. Good inflammation can turn bad, however, if it burns out of control.

In fact, the raging fires of prolonged systemic inflammation can cause all sorts of bodily damage. It can adversely affect bones, joints, tissues, blood vessels, blood sugar, cells, the heart, lungs, kidneys and intestines. So it’s important to maintain healthy levels of inflammation.

As far as enzymes’ effect on inflammation, Lee said, “Each type of enzyme has a positive effect on inflammation and can help support healthy inflammation.” Because of this positive influence on inflammation, enzymes can also provide temporary relief from everyday aches and pains from being active.

In fact, a natural enzyme formulation of bromelain (pineapple extract) and papain (papaya extract), natural pancreatic enzymes trypsin and chymotrypsin, and the antioxidant flavonoid rutin join forces to help promote joint health and the temporary natural relief from everyday aches and pains.

One of these formulations, Wobenzym® N, is practically synonymous with healthy inflammation—an honor held for over 40 years.

Wobenzym N also is backed by over 160 clinical trials and more than 10,000 people who have consistently demonstrated its effectiveness.

In short, Wobenzym N offers a force of systemic enzymes that support cellular health as well as healthy levels of fibrin and inflammation in the body.

As Lee summed it up: “Without enzymes, nothing works in the body.” You see? We really can’t do without them.

References: Lee, Lita. PhD, Lisa Turner and Burton Goldberg. The Enzyme Cure: An Alternative Medicine Guide. 1998.

Murray, Michael T., MD. Pancreatic Enzymes: Key to Powerful Anti-Inflammatory and Immune Support.

Wong, William. ND, PhD. Everything You Learned About Enzymes Was Wrong.Hyalogic 4015 Bonner Industrial Dr. Shawnee, KS 66226 Phone: (866) 318-8484 Fax: (913) 422-9396 Website: www.hyalogic.com By Dr. Karen Brown Buccal Delivery Ideal for Hyaluronic Acid DeliveryHyaluronic acid (HA) is a biopolymer found in the tissues, joints and body fluids.

It is a long unbranched chain comprised of two repeating disaccharide units, N-acetlyglucosamine and glucuronic acid which can twist and fold back onto itself in a variety of three dimensional structures.

Recently, HA has gained attention because it has been shown to impact numerous functions within the body. In its high molecular weight form, it is injected intra-articularly under the knee cap as a joint fluid replacement.1 It is also used in horses as an intravenous injection, where it works systemically to relieve joint inflammation.2 The scientific literature shows that high molecular weight (HMW) HA functions physiologically as an anti-inflammatory—Ialenti and DiRosa examined both acute and chronic inflammation and showed that HA was able to resolve both.3 Capsules containing hyaluronic acid are commonly available as nutritional supplements. However, high molecular weight oral HA such as Hyalogic’s Synthovial Seven and MyoDurance, one of Hyalogic’s new products using the new oral lozenge technology; are especially promising as delivery systems for HA because they are designed to be absorbed within the oral cavity.

Buccal Absorption The administration of active ingredients by way of the oral mucosa is becoming therapeutically more important.

This delivery is easy to administer and has the potential to provide efficient absorption because the oral mucosa is highly vascularized.

Additionally, the “active” can bypass the acidic stomach environment, intestinal enzymatic activity and move directly into the bloodstream. The active can be effective in smaller, more controlled doses. HA has already been shown to be a good candidate for oral drug delivery systems because it is highly compatible with the tissues of the oral mucosa, which already contains large amounts of HA.4 Therefore, no carrier molecule needs to be added to HA to enhance its oral absorption. Scientists designing actives to be absorbed via the oral mucosa also look for additional factors, like receptor sites, which can promote absorption.

In the case of HA, the receptor CD44, a powerful cell-surface receptor, provides such an added advantage and is specific for HA. The buccal cavity is highly vascularized and contains large quantities of CD44, a receptor molecule specific for HA.5 It is a key player in the health of the immune system, and the primary driver for the anti-inflammatory properties of HA.

Advantage of a Lozenge It is well known that only HMW HA is active as an anti-inflammatory. For that reason, it is important to preserve the molecular weight, and thus the activity, of the HA molecule.

When HA of high molecular weight of at least 2.4 million Daltons reaches the stomach, it is broken down into smaller, less effective fragments by the acidic environment.

Chemically it would be expected that the glycosidic bond present in hyaluronic acid would be broken down by stomach acid, rendering the polymer less effective.

6 Indeed acid hydrolysis (the breaking of the chemical bond) is often used to analyze biopolymers in analytical experiments.7,8 Capsules containing solid HA powder are designed to work in the stomach.

The lining of the stomach, under normal conditions contains little CD44.9 Formulation of HA into a lozenge, as with Hyalogic’s new product CardiacPower 4, provides the necessary stabilization for the high molecular weight HA molecule. Additionally, the stickiness produced upon dissolution in the mouth and mixing with the saliva allows the HA to attach to the lining of the mouth, tongue and gums, which produces a time-release effect.

References: 1 Wright KE, S.G. Maurer, P.E. DiCesare Viscosupplementation for osteoarthritis Am J Orthop 29(2)18-89 (2000).

2 Kawcak, CE, DD Frisbie, GW Trotter, CW McIlwraith, SM Gillette, BE Powerw, RM Walton. “Effects of intravenous administration of sodium hyaluronate on carpal joints in exercising horses after arthroscopic surgery and osteochondral fragmentation.” Am J Vet Res 58(10) 1132-40 (1997).

3 Ialenti, A. and M. Di Rosa “Hyaluronic Acid Modulates Acute and Chronic Inflammation.” Agents Actions, 43, 44 – 47 (1994).

4 Andrews, GP, T P Laverty, D S Jones.

“Mucoadhesive polymeric platforms for controlled drug delivery.” Eur. J. Pharmaceutics and Biopharmaceutics 71(3):505-518 (2009).

5 Aruffo, Alejandro, Ivan Stamenkovic, Michael Meinick, Charles B. Underhill and Brian Seed. “CD44 is the Principal Cell Surface Receptor for Hyaluronate.” Cell (61): 1303-1313 (1990).

6 Xiang, Qian, Y.Y.Lee, Par O. Petterson and Robert W. Torget “Heterogeneous aspects of acid hydrolysis of ·-cellulose” in Applied Biochemistry and Biotechnology Humana Press, Inc. 107(1-3) pp 505-521 Spring, 2003.

7 Bosworth, TR and JE Scott “A specific fluorometric assay for hexosamines in glycosaminoglycans, based on deaminative cleavage with nitrous acid.” Anal Biochem 223(2): 266-73 (1994).

8 Sobocinski PZ, WJ Canterbury, KH Jurgens. “Improved continuous-flow method for determination of total serum hexosamines” Clin Chem 22(8): 1394-6 (1976).

9 Washington, K., MR Gottfried and MJ Telen. “Expression of the cell adhesion molecule CD44 in gastric adenocarcinomas.” Hum Pathol 25(10): 1043-9 (1994).Life Extension 1100 W. Commercial Blvd.

Fort Lauderdale, FL 33309 Phone: (800) 544-4440 Fax: (866) 728-1050 e-Mail: customerservice@lifeextension.com Website: www.lifeextension.org Reaping the Anti-Aging Benefits of Caloric Restriction Without Diet ModificationControlled studies in primates reveal that modest calorie reduction (only 30 percent) yields a huge reduction in the risk of issues associated with aging.

For example, a recent study in Science showed that modest calorie restriction in primates provided a 50 percent improvement in cardiovascular support.1 Studies on humans show that a calorie reduction of only 20 percent dramatically improves biomarkers associated with longevity.2-4 Restricting the amount of calories allowed into the bloodstream increases healthy life span via several mechanisms.

Cardiovascular support can be maintained by blunting the post-meal surge of glucose, insulin, triglycerides and inflammatory-inducing compounds that engorge the bloodstream following eating binges.

Scientists, however, are focused on an even more important mechanism to explain how calorie restriction so radically extends life span.

They have uncovered favorable alterations in gene expression in response to reduced calorie intake. It turns out that caloric restriction slows aging by activating beneficial “youth” genes while disabling detrimental “senescence” genes.

The incredible news is that a select group of nutrients has been discovered that trigger many of the favorable mechanisms (including more youthful gene expression patterns) as caloric restriction but without dietary modification.

Among the most promising of these caloric restriction mimics and enhancers are resveratrol, pterostilbene, quercetin and grape seed polyphenols, along with black tea extract. These nutrients have been shown to generate many of the same effects in the body as caloric restriction, without significant dietary modification.5-12 In particular, they help “mimic” caloric restriction’s favorable impact on genes that influence the aging process.5-12 Genes have the capacity to directly affect life span by regulating a broad spectrum of aging factors. Calorie restriction exerts a beneficial effect on the activity of gene expression, supporting healthy cellular function through numerous physiological pathways.13 Compounds that mimic caloric restriction bring about favorable changes in gene expression and improve the primary biomarkers of aging.14 Those taking high-dose vitamin D, along with coenzyme Q10 and fish oil are already favorably altering many of their gene expression patterns. A new Calorie Restriction Mimetic Formula includes resveratrol, pterostilbene, quercetin, grape seed polyphenols, and black tea extract to provide even broader- spectrum gene expression support in one nutritional compound.

Trans-resveratrol has long been hailed as an anti-aging nutritional supplement.

When combined with trans-pterostilbene (another stilbene compound) it works synergistically to unlock one’s longevity genes. New Calorie Restriction Mimetic Formula combines these two stilbene compounds with quercetin, grape seed polyphenols and black tea extract to simulate many of the beneficial gene expression effects associated with caloric restriction—taking anti-aging nutritional support to the next higher level.

Two capsules of Calorie Restriction Mimetic Formula from Life Extension® provide:

• Trans-Resveratrol 250mg

• Trans-Pterostilbene 3mg

• Quercetin 150mg

• Black tea extract 300mg

• Grape seed polyphenols 50mg A bottle of 60 vegetarian capsules of Calorie Restriction Mimetic Formula (item # 01419) retails for $36.

References: 1 Science. 2009 Jul10;355(5937):201-4.

2 Circ Res. 2008 Mar 14;102 (5): 519-28.

3 Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab. 2007 Jul;293(1):E197-202.

4 Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 2004 Apr 27;101(17):6659-63.

5 Cell. 2006 Dec 15;127(6):1109-22.

6 Endocrinology. 2008 Jan;149(1):84-92.

7 Crit Care Med. 2004 Oct;32(10):2097-103.

8 J Agric Food Chem. 1999 Apr;47(4):1416-21.

9 Arch Pharm Res. 2002 Oct;25(5):561-71.

10 Nutr Cancer. 1999;35(1):80-6.

11 Anticancer Agents Med Chem. 2006 Sep; 6(5):389-406.

12 Nature. 2006 Nov 16;444(7117):337-42.

13 PloS One. 2008 Jun 4;3(6):e2264.

14 OMICS. 2008 Aug 7.Life Line Foods, LLC/Buried Treasure 4390 Big Spring Gap Rd., P.O. Box 949 Pikeville, TN 37367 Phone: (800) 216-3231 Fax: (423) 881-3214 e-Mail: customerservice@buriedtreasureln.com Website: www.buriedtreasureln.com Buried Treasure’s Aller Ease Recipe for ReliefThe secret of Aller Ease™’s success lies in its carefully crafted formula based on scientifically proven vitamins, minerals and herbs. People with allergies may be familiar with many of the ingredients.

But the convenience of having these ingredients carefully sourced, triple analyzed for potency and identity (by third party testing) and crafted into one synergistic supplement makes Aller Ease indispensable. This proprietary liquid promotes the fast results that allergy sufferers need.

Consider some of the well-known ingredients in Aller Ease that boost immune response. Vitamin A, or retinol, “stimulates and enhances numerous immune processes, including … enhancement of white blood cell function and increased antibody response.”1 But in Aller Ease, vitamin A doesn’t work alone. Its combination with vitamin C enhances absorption and the ability for the body to utilize the other important ingredients in this formula. The specific benefit of vitamin C is also documented, as it plays an important role in fighting infections. It is the main antioxidant in the cells of the respiratory passages, and may have anti-inflammatory and antihistamine effects.2 Another antioxidant that boosts immunity in Aller Ease is the mineral zinc, “Using zinc boosts immune function in a natural way, as zinc is needed for hundreds of chemical reactions in the body.”3 Not only does Aller Ease combine the best immune-boosting antioxidants, this synergistic blend also includes the foremost herbs used for years in promoting relief from allergic reactions. Stinging nettle, or urtica dioica, is “well known in Europe, where it is used primarily to relieve allergy symptoms … and this herb contains natural chemicals including histamine and formic acid … and may be helpful in controlling allergic symptoms … One double-blind trial noted that 58 percent of the study participants had good relief of symptoms.

Almost half of the patients said that the stinging nettle was just as effective, if not more so, than their standard allergy medicine.”4 Another herb in this powerful blend is bayberry, used by Chinese herbalists. A 1996 study indicated that bayberry exhibits natural antioxidant properties.5 Mullein, also a potent herb utilized in Aller Ease, is reputed to help swollen mucous membranes and reduce inflammation, and was reportedly used by early settlers to relieve coughing and a wide variety of chest complaints.6 Aller Ease also blends other ingredients that work together. For example, bromelain helps increase the absorption of quercetin, is a powerful anti-inflammatory enzyme and is very effective in treating inflammation of the delicate sinus tissues.7 Quercetin effectively inhibits the over-production of histamine and helps with inflammation by inhibiting the release of leukotriene and histamine from mast cells.8 Aller Ease offers superior quality ingredients, in the right amounts, synergistically combined, with optimal absorption— packaged in one bottle. Aller Ease: the natural recipe for fast relief.

References: 1 M.T. Murray, Encyclopedia of Nutritional Supplements (Rocklin, CA, Prima Publishing,

1996) , p.27. 2 Forastiere F, Pistelli R, Sestini P, et al.

“Consumption of fresh fruit rich in vitamin C and wheezing symptoms in children.” SIDRIA Collaborative Group, Italy (Italian Studies on Respiratory Disorders in Children and the Environment). Thorax 2000;55(4):283-288.

3 S. Cohen, The 24-Hour Pharmacist:Honest advice and amazing cures from America’s most trusted pharmacist (New York, NY, Rodale, Inc.,

2008) , p.275. 4 J.Graedon, T.Graedon, Best Choices from the People’s Pharmacy (New York, NY, Rodale Inc., 2007),p.55-56. information taken from the following: Mittman, P. “Randomized, Double Blind Study of Freeze Dried Urtica dioica in the Treatment of Allergic Rhinitis.” Planta Med.

1990;56:44-47.

5 Mathiesen L., Malterud K.E., Nenster M.S., Sund R.B., “Inhibition of low density lipoprotein oxidation by myrigalone B, a naturally occurring flavonoid.” Pharmacol Toxicol 1996;3:78(3):143-

146. Retrieved from the worldwide web on 2/16/10 at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8882346?

Dopt=Abstract.

6 Retrieved from the worldwide web on 2/16/10 at: http://naturalstandard.com/naturalstandard/ monographs/monoframeset.asp?mono graph=/monographs/herbssupplements/aux1- mullein.asp&patientVersion=/monographs/herbssupplements/ patient-mullein.asp 7 Ryan, R. E. “A double-blind clinical evaluation of bromelains in the treatment of acute sinusitis.” Headache 1967;7(1):13-17.

8 (Quercetin) Pearce, F. L., Ali, H., Barrett, K.

E. , Befus, A. D., Bienenstock, J.,Brostoff, J., Ennis, M., Flint, K. C., Hudspith, B., Johnson,

N. M., “Functional characteristics of mucosal and connective tissue mast cells of man, the rat and other animals.” Int Arch Allergy Appl.

Immunol 1985;77(1-2):274-276.Membrell, LLC 2213 Missouri Ave.

Carthage, MO 64836 Phone: (800) 749-1291 e-Mail: contact@membrell.com Website: www.membrell.com Harnessing the Power of the Egg for Joint and Bone HealthToday’s consumers are well educated and well informed and base their purchasing decisions on three basic tenets of dietary supplement consumerism— safety, efficacy and quality. First and foremost, consumers want a product that is safe, and that won’t do more harm than good. Consumers obviously want a product that is effective for its intended purpose. And lastly, consumers want a product that has consistent, high quality. These three critical components should all be based on considerable scientific evidence.

Science forms the foundation for the development of all of Membrell’s products.

It begins with a thorough safety evaluation. Membrell’s JOINThealth with NEM® (natural eggshell membrane) was put through its paces starting with basics such as cytotoxicity and genotoxicity. The safety evaluation culminated in a long-term oral toxicity study in which NEM was tested at almost 50X the human equivalent dose with no observed adverse effects.1 Once safety is assured, the task of establishing efficacy can begin.

Multiple human trials are the gold standard for demonstrating that a product is effective. Membrell’s BONEhealth with ESC® (Eggshell Calcium), Magnesium and Vitamin D3 fits this bill.2 Eggshell calcium has been shown to build (1-6 percent) bone mineral density (BMD) in as little as four to eight months.3 In a 12- month, double-blind, placebo-controlled study of healthy post-menopausal women, eggshell calcium was shown to increase BMD of the femur by 1.75 percent compared to a loss of 0.6 percent for the placebo group.4 Membrell’s JOINThealth with NEM has similar gold-standard clinical support.

In two open-label clinical trials, NEM was shown to significantly reduce pain in as little as seven days, and about half of the patients experienced a 50 percent reduction in pain by the end of the 30-day studies.5 In a 60-day double- blind, placebo-controlled study, NEM significantly reduced pain (16 percent) and stiffness (13 percent) by day 10, one-third of patients experienced a greater than 50 percent reduction in pain and one-half experienced a greater than 50 percent reduction in stiffness by the end of the study.6 Membrell’s products are clearly effective, but the company takes it a step further to ensure that each and every bottle has consistent, high quality that consumers expect. Again, this leads back to science.

Scientifically valid testing methods are routinely employed to verify that Membrell’s products contain the right amount of what they are supposed to (active ingredients), while not having anything that they are not supposed to (impurities). For example, the vitamin D3 levels in Membrell’s BONEhealth are verified by High Pressure Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) according to a compendial method. Another example is that Membrell tests its JOINThealth and BONEhealth products using Inductively-Coupled Plasma-source Mass Spectrometry (ICP-MS) to ensure that toxic heavy metals are nondetectable or barely measurable at part per billion levels, making them easily California Proposition 65 compliant.

These and many other tests are performed on every lot of product Membrell produces, to ensure that every bottle that reaches the consumer is safe, effective and of the highest quality.

ESC and NEM are registered trademarks of ESM Technologies, LLC.

References: 1 Safety Evaluation of NEM: An Eggshell Membrane Derived Product. Ruff KJ, Endres JR, and Szabo JR. 2010, Submitted for publication.

2 “Eggshell calcium in the prevention and treatment of osteoporosis.” Rovensky J, Stancikova M, Masaryk P, Svik K and Istok R. 2003, Int J Clin Pharmacol Res , Vol. 23, pp. 83-92.

3 Short-term Effects of A Chicken Egg Shell Powder Enriched Dairy-based Product on Bone Mineral Density in Persons With Osteoporosis or Osteopenia. Schaafsma A, and Pakan I. 1999, Bratisl Lek Listy, Vol. 100, pp. 651-656.

4 “Positive effects of a chicken eggshell powder- enriched vitamin-mineral supplement on femoral neck bone mineral density in healthy late post-menopausal Dutch women.” Schaafsma A, van Doormaal JJ, Muskiet FA, Hofstede GJ, Pakan I and van der Veer E. 2002, Br J Nutr, Vol. 87, pp. 267-275.

5 Eggshell Membrane: A Possible New Natural Therapeutic for Joint and Connective Tissue Disorders. Results from Two Open-label Human Clinical Studies.” Ruff KJ, DeVore DP, Leu MD, and Robinson MA. 2009, Clin Interv Aging, Vol. 4, pp. 235-240.

6 “Eggshell Membrane in the Treatment of Pain and Stiffness from Osteoarthritis of the Knee: a Randomized, Multicenter, Double-blind, Placebocontrolled Clinical Study.” Ruff KJ, Winkler A, Jackson RW, DeVore DP, and Ritz BW. 2009, Clin Rheumatol, Vol. 28, pp. 907-914.Natural Health Science Inc. (NHS) 5 Marine View Plaza, Ste. 403 Hoboken, NJ 07030-5722 Phone: (201) 459-0300 Fax: (201) 459-0055 e-Mail: info@pycnogenol.com Pycnogenol French Maritime Pine Bark ExtractPycnogenol® (pic-noj-en-all) is a natural plant extract originating from bark of the French maritime pine tree, which grows exclusively along the coast of southwest France. The ingredient represents a natural combination of genetically programmed constant proportions of procyanidins, bioflavonoids and organic acids, which offer extensive natural health benefits.

Pycnogenol has four basic properties: it is a powerful antioxidant, acts as a natural anti-inflammatory, selectively binds to collagen and elastin, and aids in the production of endothelial nitric oxide, which helps to vasodilate blood vessels.

Published findings in more than 80 clinical studies of over 7,000 patients have demonstrated Pycnogenol’s beneficial health effects in cardiovascular and circulatory health, joint health, skin care, blood glucose, eye health and sports nutrition, among others. The extract is available in more than 700 dietary supplements, multivitamins, cosmetic and functional food and beverage products worldwide.

Horphag Research is the original developer and exclusive worldwide supplier of Pycnogenol. For more than 40 years, Horphag has invested millions of dollars in securing extensive quality, safety and clinical evidence, resulting in more than 250 published studies and review articles, to assure the safety and efficacy of Pycnogenol.

In recognition of Horphag Research’s strong commitment to innovative research and development of Pycnogenol, the company was awarded the 2008 Frost & Sullivan North American Health Ingredients Excellence in Research Award.

Just this year, the American Botanical Council (ABC) published a detailed, peerreviewed monograph on the clinical and scientific studies of Pycnogenol. The monograph focuses on 17 human clinical studies of the ingredient and evaluates a wide variety of its applications, including antiinflammatory, circulatory and joint health properties. The monograph also includes an overview on the production and chemistry of Pycnogenol, product uses and dosage information, pharmacological and mechanical summaries, and safety data.

Heart Health Most recently, a clinical study published in the March 2010 issue of the Journal of Cardiovascular Pharmacology and Therapeutics revealed Pycnogenol counteracts kidney damage caused by hypertension, lowering urinary proteins and improving blood flow to the kidneys.

The randomized, controlled study investigated hypertensive patients with early signs of impaired kidney function, as judged by elevated amounts of urinary proteins [Belcaro et al., 2009]. The patients were divided into two groups.

Both groups were treated with antihypertensive medication Ramipril and one group of 29 patients took Pycnogenol in addition to the Ramipril.

The group taking Pycnogenol as an adjunct to Ramipril had a decrease in urinary proteins of nearly double compared with patients taking Ramipril alone. In patients taking Pycnogenol in conjunction with Ramipril, the study also found a statistically significant decrease in blood pressure and a reduction in elevated levels of inflammatory marker CRP.

In another study, published in Hypertension Research, Pycnogenol was shown to boost healthy nitric oxide (NO) production, increasing blood flow and improving oxygen supply to the muscles.

The double-blind, randomized, placebo study investigated the blood flow in young, healthy volunteers who either took 180mg of Pycnogenol or a placebo for two weeks. The study demonstrated that Pycnogenol consumption yielded an up to 46 percent higher forearm blood flow than at baseline in volunteers [Nishioka et al., 2007].

Increased blood flow allows for the delivery of nutrients and oxygen to the muscles, and helps the muscles avoid anaerobic metabolism and cope with increased physical activity. In contrast, the control group receiving the placebo did not show a pronounced blood flow increase.

Further, a study published in the journal of Cardiovascular Toxicology revealed that Pycnogenol helps prevent damage or “wearing out” of the heart caused by high blood pressure. The study, conducted at the University of Arizona, Tucson, included treatment of elderly female mice that were randomly divided into four groups: control mice, mice receiving Pycnogenol only, mice receiving L-NAME only (a substance which causes arterial constriction) and mice receiving both Pycnogenol and LNAME [Watson et al., 2007]. In the Pycnogenol-treated group, hypertension and heart function parameters resembled those found in healthy control mice with healthy blood pressure.

Detailed analysis found that Pycnogenol supplementation significantly enhanced the connective collagen matrix of cardiac tissue. Whereas the chronic hypertension in mice led to a significant loss of connective collagen fiber, Pycnogenol significantly increased the collagen presence, resulting in stronger cardiac chambers.

Additional studies on heart health and regular updates on new Pycnogenol research are available at www.pycnogenol.com. References: Belcaro G et al. Kidney Flow and Function in Hypertension: Protective Effects of Pycnogenol® in Hypertensive Participants—A Controlled Study. Journal of Cardiovascular Pharmacology and Therapeutics, 2010.

Nishioka K, et al. Pycnogenol®, French maritime pine bark extract, augments endotheliumdependent vasodilation in humans. Hypertens Res 30: 775-780, 2007.

Watson, R.R., et al. Impact of Pycnogenol® on cardiac extracellular matrix remodeling induced by L-NAME administration to old mice.

Cardiovasc Toxicol, 7: 10-18.Nature’s Plus 548 Broadhollow Rd. Melville, NY 11747 Phone (East Coast): (800) 645-9500 Fax (East Coast): (888) 665-0628 Phone (West Coast): (800) 525-0200 Fax (West Coast): (800) 688-7239 e-Mail: order@naturesplus.com Website: www.naturesplus.com How to Get Teens to Take Their MultivitaminsTeens are by far, the most likely to fail any health regimen. This is evident from our personal experiences, as well as from the numerous studies investigating teens’ inability to comply with a wide range of therapies. Whether it’s as inconsequential as cosmetic therapies or as important as taking anti-transplant-rejection drugs, teen compliance failure rates outpace all other age groups.1 So getting teenagers to continually take a multivitamin may seem impossible.

But health-conscious parents need not despair. Along with the studies showing how bad teens are at sticking with it, there are plenty that show how to help make sure teens succeed. Most studies on the subject deal with prescription therapies, but the concepts are directly applicable to supplementation.

According to the Massachusetts General Hospital for Children, teenagers must be involved in the decision making.2 For multivitamin supplementation, parents should allow their teen to select a multivitamin the teen likes, but which also has the quality and nutritional value the parent demands.

Mass General experts also point out that allowing teens to be a part of the decision making doesn’t mean parents should sit on the sidelines and expect their children to comply with a healthy regimen on his own.

Parents should reinforce the importance of supplementation to help ensure success.

Parents should explain why a multivitamin is so important.

Here are some good points to make: A well-designed supplement can ward off numerous diseases of deficiency. Rickets, anemia, weak bones, scurvy and the like can devastate a teen’s health, appearance and athletic ability, now and forever. But a good multivitamin can establish a foundation of health to last a lifetime. Also, better health can significantly reduce a family’s overall healthcare costs and save money. More money for the family can mean better vacations and greater ability to afford cell phones, game consoles and other luxuries. Parents should take care to stick to the benefits that are of interest to their teens and avoid those that are not. For example, the University of Minnesota’s, School of Public Health found that teenagers who take multivitamin supplements have a healthier diet and lifestyle than those who don’t. Vitamin use was also linked to a lower rate of television watching—less than 60 percent of vitamin users watched an hour of TV per day compared with 70 percent of nonusers.3 While parents may find such benefits appealing, their teens surely will not.

Another aspect of why teens have so much trouble sticking to health-related regimens is that the rewards are often too distant in the future to have any meaningful impact on teens, whose focus is primarily on the present.

Experts say most rewards that will take more than six months to achieve are too distant to engage many teens.

Translating this to multivitamins, parents should take care to ensure that the multivitamin also has a more immediate reward. This may also seem difficult, given that supplements generally provide long-term benefits in the more distant future. But Nature’s Plus offers examples of immediate rewards from its new Power Teen Multivitamin supplements.

Power Teen chewable supplements give the immediate reward of an explosion of wild berry flavor. Teens may also seek other, more immediate rewards. Power Teen for Her and Power Teen for Him are both enhanced with BlemiShield, cranberry extract and probiotics (K12 and M18), supporting natural defenses for a healthier, clearer complexion—a more immediate reward that all teens find valuable.

Finally, experts point out that a successful health regimen should not be burdensome or embarrassing or it will likely fail. Nature’s Plus carefully designed Power Teen to meet teens halfway between the unexciting pillshaped forms of adult tablets and capsules and the engaging shapes and delicious flavors of children’s chewables.

Power Teen keeps the exciting flavors— in fact, it even steps the flavor game up a notch with wilder, more robust berry flavors. And Power Teen avoids the potentially embarrassing children’s supplement shapes, letting teens know that this is not a kiddie multivitamin.

With volumes of studies and expert advice, parents have never been better equipped to help their teens succeed.

Power Teen Multivitamins, For Her and For Him, are an excellent example of how to use this valuable knowledge to help teens stick to a healthy regimen of multivitamin supplementation and grow into healthy adults.

References: 1 Dr Thomas E. Nevins, “Non-compliance and its management in teenagers.” Pediatric Transplantation Volume 6 Issue 6, Pages 475 – 479 Published Online: 17 Sep 2008, University of Minnesota School of Medicine.

2 http://www.massgeneral.org/children/adolescenthealth/ articles/aa_compliance.aspx. 3 Lindsay Reaves MPH et. Al., Vitamin Supplement Intake Is Related to Dietary Intake and Physical Activity: The Child and Adolescent Trial for Cardiovascular Health (CATCH).

Volume 106, Issue 12, Pages 2018-2023 (December 2006).NOW Foods 395 S. Glen Ellyn Rd. Bloomingdale, IL 60108 Phone: (888) 669-3663; (630) 545-9098 Fax: (630) 790-8019 e-Mail: sales@nowfoods.com Website: www.nowfoods.com NOW AlphaSorb-C Revolutionizes Vitamin C Uptake and BioavailabilityVitamin C (known as ascorbic acid, ascorbate or AA) is an important antioxidant used by the body to “quench” free radicals, a process whereby ascorbate donates an electron to stop an oxidative reaction, and in the process AA converts in two steps to dehydroascorbic acid.

Dehydroascorbic acid is abbreviated variously as DHA (similar to the designation for an omega-3 fatty acid) or DHAA in a usually-reversible process.

When another antioxidant agent donates an electron to DHAA, it can be reduced back into AA via the same two-step process in reverse.

When hydrolyzed irreversibly, metabolites such as threonic acid are formed.1 Most mammals synthesize their own vitamin C in the liver from blood glucose, but humans lack this basic ability and thus must obtain this essential vitamin from the daily diet or supplementation.

Most of the ascorbate transport in the body is driven by available sodium in quantities greater than ascorbate, which is one reason why there are practical limits on how much oral vitamin C can be absorbed at one time. Similar limitations can occur in terms of circulating ascorbate and cellular uptake.1 The chemical similarities of glucose and ascorbate due to their common biological origin in (most) mammals, as well as the known inability of diabetics to maintain adequate ascorbate levels in their cells, led to the conclusion that these two substances share a common transport mechanism that can be deliberately utilized to overcome the usual ascorbate absorption challenges.2 Cellular accumulation of vitamin C is due to transport of both ascorbate and its oxidized metabolite, DHAA. DHAA is considered a transient form of ascorbate that is immediately reduced (reconverted into the antioxidant form ascorbic acid) when transported into cells, so it is also has important antioxidant potential as long as other antioxidants are present to convert it to the reduced AA form.

NOW® AlphaSorb-C™ is a patent-pending3,4 formulation that combines the benefits of buffered, non-acidic vitamin C (calcium ascorbate) with specific metabolites and antioxidants to create a product that enhances ascorbate absorption and resorption into cells, especially via the important but long overlooked glucose transport pathways.

Products providing ascorbate plus one or more ascorbateglucose transport enhancers™ have a unique utility to diabetics, others with decreased insulin sensitivity or insulin resistance, as well as anyone who wants to improve their ascorbate status.

This also gives AlphaSorb-C the unique potential to be especially beneficial to the many millions of people with poor insulin sensitivity, who are typically shown to have poor cellular ascorbate status, as well as for everyone seeking to improve vitamin C uptake into the bloodstream and cells.* Human cell laboratory work specifically demonstrated the benefits of AlphaSorb-C over ascorbic acid in upregulating absorption.5,6 Both US and international patents were applied for to recognize the formula’s claim to a unique mechanism of action. The efficacy of AlphaSorb-C is based on the unique targeted combination of non-acidic vitamin C, its metabolite threonic acid, bioflavonoids and alpha-lipoic acid.* The known benefits of non-acidic vitamin C and metabolites are combined with substances that stimulate vitamin C transport into cells, enhancing absorption into both the bloodstream and immune cells, while stimulating utilization by cells, specifically immune cells.* Alpha-lipoic acid has been shown to have an antioxidant effect, which “reduces” DHAA back into its antioxidant form of AA.

Studies have determined that alpha-lipoic acid can also enhance the body’s ability to better utilize vitamin C in other ways, such as enhancing absorption through glucose pathways into cells, thus stimulating utilization in repair and protection activities.7,8,9,10 Based on these clinical studies and other findings, coupled with a high level of public interest in the potential of improved modern vitamin C formulations, AlphaSorb-C was developed and patents applied for in order to protect the product’s unique claims. Patent pending NOW AlphaSorb-C is available in a non-acidic, gentle form in either 500mg capsules or 1,000mg tablets.*

* These statements have not been evaluated by the FDA. This product is not intended to diagnose, treat, cure or prevent any disease.

Visit vitaminretailer.com for a full list of references.Peter Gillham’s Natural Vitality 2530 N. Ontario St. Burbank, CA 91504-2512 Phone: (800) 446-7462 Fax: (818) 847-1056 e-Mail: info@petergillham.com Website: www.petergillham.com; www.naturalvitalitysports.com; www.organicconnectmag.comNever Take Calcium Without a Balance of Magnesium By Carolyn Dean, MD, ND, Medical Director, Nutritional Magnesium Association (www.nutritionalmagnesium.org)Without a balance of magnesium, calcium may be more harmful than good:

1. Magnesium regulates the proper amount of calcium in the body and ensures it is directed toward building stronger bones. Unregulated, calcium ends up depositing in the kidneys (potentially forming painful kidney stones), in the coronary arteries (contributing to heart disease) and in the cartilage (facilitating osteoarthritis), not in the bones where it’s needed most.

Population studies show that higher magnesium intake is associated with higher bone mineral density (BMD) in older adults. Conversely, bones with osteoporosis have low magnesium content and supplementation improves BMD.1

2. Adequate levels of magnesium are essential for the absorption and metabolism of calcium. Magnesium keeps calcium dissolved in the blood.

3. Magnesium stimulates a particular hormone, calcitonin, which helps to preserve bone structure and draws calcium out of the blood and soft tissues including cartilage and back into the bones.

4. Magnesium suppresses another bone hormone called parathyroid, preventing it from breaking down bone.2

5. Magnesium converts vitamin D into its active form so that it can help calcium absorption.

With all these roles for magnesium, it is no wonder that even a mild deficiency can be a risk factor for weaker bones.

Safeguarding against bone loss and related health issues is associated with altered calcium and magnesium ion levels.

Research has shown that the aging body’s tissues have three times more calcium than magnesium. Calcium precipitates out into tissues that have a deficiency in magnesium. Excess calcium in tissues has a toxic effect, a bone loss effect and a likelihood of weaker, brittle bones. What is called “normal” aging is characterized by the accumulation of calcium and depletion of magnesium in the cells. And a deficiency in magnesium increases the susceptibility for bone and heart related health problems.

Calcium and magnesium work so closely together that the lack of magnesium immediately diminishes the effectiveness of calcium. Even though the use of calcium supplementation for the management of osteoporosis has increased significantly in the last decade, scientific studies do not support such large doses after menopause. Soft tissue calcification could be a serious side effect of taking too much calcium.3 According to Dr. Carolyn DeMarco, MD, and author of The Bone Building Solution (2006), “the body cannot absorb more than 500mg of calcium at one time. More doesn’t equal better: Consuming over 3,000mg of calcium daily exhausts the age-related osteoblast replicative capacity (ARORC), down-regulating the ability to heal micro-fractures.” A detailed review of the literature shows that chronically low intake of magnesium, vitamin D, boron, vitamins K, B12 and B6, and folic acid leads to bone health related problems. Similarly, chronically high intake of protein, sodium chloride, alcohol and caffeine adversely affects bone health.4,5 Reading the scientific literature, there is ample evidence that many nutrients, especially magnesium, play a crucial role in bone development. Much animal research, for example, shows that magnesium depletion alters bone and mineral metabolism, which results in bone loss.9,10 Magnesium deficiency is very common in women with osteoporosis compared to controls.6 As we age, we become more deficient in magnesium and therefore require more in our diet and in supplement form.

Remember, the balancing mineral for calcium is magnesium, in a ratio of at least 1:1. For people who have magnesium deficiency, a healthier ratio is two parts magnesium to one part calcium.

Not all forms of magnesium are easily absorbable. Look for a liquid or watersoluble powder with the right ratio. One of the most common highly absorbable forms is magnesium citrate in powder form. When taken in divided doses throughout the day, it does not cause a laxative effect. Magnesium is a “safer” product than calcium because it is excreted more completely and doesn’t build up in the body. (Always consult your doctor.

Those with renal failure or kidney disease should not take magnesium).

Medical Disclaimer: The ideas, procedures and suggestions contained in this article are not intended as a substitute for consulting with your physician. All matters regarding physical health require medical supervision. Neither the author nor the publisher shall be liable or responsible for any loss, injury or damage allegedly arising from any information or suggestion in this article. The opinions expressed in this article represent the personal views of the author and not the publisher.

For a full list of references, please visit vitaminretailer.com.Proprietary Nutritionals, Inc. 265 Harrison Ave.

Kearny, NJ 07032 Phone: (519) 647-2071 Fax: (201) 622-1415 e-Mail: gbonfilio@pharmachemlabs.com Website: www.pnibrands.com Perluxan Reduces Joint DiscomfortPerluxan® is a proprietary, researched derivative of the hops cone that has specific efficacy for natural health support formulas. Perluxan is a standardized hops extract containing a minimum of 30 percent alpha and iso-alpha acids. Perluxan has been specifically developed to promote joint health and temporarily relieve minor daily aches and pain.

Hops contain a spectrum of bioactive ingredients with numerous traditional therapeutic applications. However, it was not until recently that the anti-inflammatory activity of certain hops fractions, primarily derived from resinous extracts, have been discovered.

For example, nitric oxide (NO) plays an important role in many inflammatory responses. One study investigated the inhibitory effect of hops extracts on both the production of NO and the expression of inducible NO synthase (iNOS) in mouse macrophage RAW

264. 7 cells. The LPS/IFN-gammainduced production of NO and expression of iNOS were significantly inhibited by the ethyl acetate soluble fraction of Humulus lupulus (hops). Through bioactivity- guided fractionation, researchers found that five chalcones, including xanthohumol, significantly inhibited the production of NO by suppressing the expression of iNOS.1 Another in vitro study looked at hops extract’s ability to inhibit both cyclooxygenase- 1 and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-1 and COX-2, respectively). By using the “Human Whole Blood Assay” (WBA) and the “William Harvey Modified Whole Blood Assay” (WHMA), the gold standard for assessing COX inhibition and selectivity, COX-1 was measured in WBA as TXA2 (thromboxane) and COX- 2 measured in WHMA as PGE2 (prostaglandin E2). Hops extract was found to inhibit human COX-1 and COX-2 with 10-100 fold selectivity towards the inhibition of COX-2 at the IC50 and IC80 levels. As an inhibitor of COX-2 it was, in comparison to earlier published studies (Warner et al. 1999), similar or more potent than ibuprofen, and more potent than aspirin, ibuprofen or naproxen. Hops extract was more COX-2 selective in this assay than any traditional NSAID, such as aspirin, diclofenac, ibuprofen or naproxen and more selective than newer compounds such as celecoxib, etodolac, meloxicam and rofecoxib.

Another study investigated hops extract for COX-2 inhibition and safe use in joint health formulas. Here, the effect of hops extract on healthy and arthritic cartilage was investigated as well as effects on inflammatory joint swelling. Hops extract inhibited PGE2 production by LPS-stimulated PBMC without compromising the metabolic activity of these cells. Furthermore, hops extract showed a decline in PGE2 production in the COX-2 whole blood assay (WBA) with an IC50 of 20.4 microg/mL, while in the COX-1 WBA no inhibition of PGE2 production was observed. This indicates a COX-2 selective inhibition. When hops extract was administered orally to C57BL/6 mice with induced joint inflammation, PGE2 production was significantly decreased by 24 percent, suggesting that hops extract becomes bioavailable.

Furthermore, oral administration of hops extract showed no negative or positive effects on healthy cartilage proteoglycan synthesis, or on induced arthritic cartilage proteoglycan synthesis.

No effect of oral administration of

1. 25 mg hops extract daily was observed on joint swelling. The researchers concluded that this standardized hops extract could be a useful agent for intervention strategies targeting inflammatory disorders and/or inflammatory pain.3 In a 2007 randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study, researchers investigated the effect of a standardized supercritical carbon dioxide hops extract containing 30 percent alpha acids (Perluxan) on individuals with osteoarthritis of the knee. In the study, 36 individuals ingested either placebo or Perluxan in capsule form, and the effect of the ingredient to improve pain relief after 14 days of supplementation was measured by WOMAC (symptom assessment questionnaire) and compared to starting values.

The critical success factor for treatment of pain was a self-determined fast acting pain relieving effect of the product to motivate the individual to continue taking the supplement. Perluxan intake showed a fast-acting effect on mean pain relief and significant improvement over placebo could be measured after only two hours following the first dose. By the end of the second week, it was clear that Perluxan helped to relieve minor pain during normal daily activities and may have improved joint mobility in the active group.

Researchers concluded that 14 days of oral Perluxan supplementation significantly improved parameters of osteoarthritis pain. The effectiveness of Perluxan was also supported by the extremely limited use of rescue medication in the treatment groups in comparison to placebo. The comparison of pre- and post-supplementation blood work and the adverse side effect monitoring also showed that Perluxan was well tolerated and lead to no gastrointestinal discomfort.4 References: 1 Inhibition of Nitric Oxide

F. Zhao, H. Nozawa, A. Daikonnya, K. Kondo,

S. Kitanaka: Inhibitors of nitric oxide production from hops (Humulus lupulus L.). Biol Pharm Bull 2003, 26(1):61-5.

2 Selective COX-2 Inhibition Lidbury et al.: The effects of AH88 on the activity of COX-1 and COX-2 using human whole blood and A549 cells.

3 COX-2 Inhibition and Safe Use in Joint Health

S. Hougee, J. Faber, A. Sanders, W.B. Berg,

J. Garssen, H.F. Smit, M.A. Hoijer: Selective inhibition of COX-2 by a standardized CO2 extract of Humulus lupulus in vitro and its activity in a mouse model of zymosan-induced arthritis.

Planta Med 2006, 72(3):228-233.

4 R. Jäger, M. Purpura: Efficacy of oral Perluxan® intake in subjects with knee osteoarthritis: a randomized, double-blind study.

Pharmachem internal file, Summary of Clinical Trial Results, 2007.Proprietary Nutritionals, Inc. 265 Harrison Ave.

Kearny, NJ 07032 Phone: (519) 647-2071 Fax: (201) 622-1415 e-Mail: info@pnibrands.com Website: www.pnibrands.com Celadrin Improves Knee Function, Joint MobilityCeladrin is a proprietary esterified fatty acid compound marketed for support of joint structure and function through by supporting inhibiting certain inflammatory pathways. Research has shown that the special fatty acids in Celadrin inhibit inflammation in endothelial cells and decrease the pro-inflammatory effects of arachidonic and other fatty acids.

Celadrin has also been shown to reduce the production of the negative immune factor IL-6 and to control the immune factors responsible for inflammation. In addition, Celadrin may help to lubricate an affected joint, resulting in pain relief and increased mobility.

Results of a double-blind, multi-center, placebo-controlled trial found that oral-dose Celadrin improved joint and mobility problems. Sixty-four participants with chronic knee Osteoarthritis (OA) were given either Celadrin or placebo and were evaluated at the beginning, at 30 days and at the end of the 68-day study. After 68 days, patients treated with Celadrin exhibited significant (p < 0.001) increase in knee flexion (10.1 degree) compared to patients given placebo (1.1 degree).

Patient responses to the Lequesne Algofunctional Index indicated a significant shift towards functional improvement for the Celadrin group (-5.4 points) after 68 days compared to a modest improvement in the placebo group (-2.1 points).1 Research performed at the University of Connecticut involving 40 patients with OA of the knee received either topical Celadrin or a placebo and were evaluated before application, 30 minutes after and after a 30-day treatment period where the cream was applied twice a day. The researchers evaluated physical function, postural sway, pain and range of motion. Test of physical function included a timed assessment of how long it took to get up and go from a chair, stair climbing, muscle strength and endurance, and mobility of the knee. The group receiving Celadrin had outstanding results with reduced pain and stiffness and improved strength and mobility.

Researchers reported that within 30 minutes of applying Celadrin patients experienced improvement in all aspects tested.2 A follow-up study showed that 30 days of treatment with Celadrin cream improved static postural stability in patients with knee pain. The researchers summarized: “The results of the present investigation indicate that 30 days of treatment with a topical cream consisting of a blend of cetylated fatty acids is effective for improving static postural stability in patients with knee OA. The results of this study and previous investigation support the use of cetylated fatty acids in the treatment of OA.

Hopefully, such over-the-counter treatment may enhance the trainability of people with OA in exercise programs, especially with the importance as it related to successful aging.”3 In Phase II of this study, Celadrin was blended with menthol. Patients with knee pain were evaluated to validate previous findings, and patients experiencing elbow and wrist pain were also recruited. As in the Phase I study, patients with knee pain showed significant improvement in various quality of life measurements. The wrist and elbow patients showed improvement in measures associated with prolonged endurance and activity.4 A 2007 randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study showed that Celadrin can significantly increase walking ability and decrease knee discomfort.

The researchers evaluated 93 participants over a period of 60 days.

Subjects, ranging from 40 to 86 years of age, were evaluated before Celadrin was administered and again after two, four and eight weeks. During each evaluation, participants were asked to walk for six minutes to measure how far they could travel with their knee discomfort.

Those in the Celadrin group were able to walk an average distance of 1,183 feet when they started the study. After only two weeks of taking 894mg Celadrin capsules, the average walking distance increased significantly by about 19 percent, or approximately 232 feet. The participants continued to improve throughout the study period and after eight weeks walked an average distance of 1720 feet—45 percent more than when they had started. Also after eight weeks participants claimed a 35 percent decrease in knee discomfort.5 References: 1 Hesslink Jr., R., “Cetylated Fatty Acids Improve Knee Function in Patients with Osteoarthritis” J Rheumatol 2002;29:1708-12 2 Kraemer, W., et al, “Effect of a Cetylated Fatty Acid Topical Cream on Functional Mobility and Quality of Life of Patients with Osteoarthritis,” J Rheumatology 2004;31:767-74 3 Kraemer, W., et al, “Effects of treatment with a cetylated fatty acid topical cream on static postural stability and plantar pressure distribution in patients knee osteoarthritis. J Strength and Conditioning Res, 2005, 19(1), 115–121 4 Kraemer, W., et al, “A cetylated fatty acid topical cream with menthol reduces pain and improves functional performance in individuals with arthritis,” J Strength & Conditioning Res, 2005, 19(2), 475-80; 5 Udani, J., et al, “Oral Cetylated Fatty Acids for the Improvement of Functional ability and Pain in Patients with Knee Osteoarthritis” Medicus Research, and Director of the Integrative Medicine Program at Northridge Hospital, California.Reserveage Organics 5745 S.W. 75th St., Ste. 337 Gainesville, FL 32608 Phone: (800) 553-1896 Fax: (786) 522-0007 e-Mail: customerservice@reserveage.com Website: www.reserveage.com Reserveage Organics’ ResveratrolThat resveratrol is one of the fastest growing nutraceuticals is of no surprise.

Unlike many competing ingredients, which are marginalized or dropped from serious study after a short time, the scientific community’s interest in resveratrol has only continued to grow during the last decade.

Study after study continues to find that resveratrol, or more specifically its bioactive form trans-resveratrol, may provide such incredible health benefits to the human body that we may only be scratching the surface of its potential.

The first effect most resveratrol users notice is an increase in energy. Transresveratrol has the ability to enhance energy production for the cell1 by increasing both the number of mitochondria and the mitochondria’s ability to produce energy. The cell’s increased energy provides for more rigorous and more efficient work, causing a boost in energy throughout the day.

Trans-resveratrol is also known to be an anti-inflammatory. Due to this property, resveratrol can lessen the potential damage and pain associated with inflammatory diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis, as well as decrease arterial blockage and damage and reduce certain allergic reactions.2 As an antioxidant3, resveratrol aids the body in scavenging potentially harmful free radicals4, which, in excess, can cause DNA and cellular structure damage.

Some studies have found that resveratrol may aid in preventing mental decline over the course of individuals’ lives.5 This may extend not just to natural cognitive loss with age, but may potentially protect individuals from Alzheimer’s Disease damage as well.

One study investigated the effects of a high-fat diet and resveratrol supplementation on subjects. Incredibly, the subjects that were being overfed with a high-fat diet and supplemented with transresveratrol experienced the same rate of diabetes as non-obese subjects in the control group.6 One of the most exciting areas of study is the use of transresveratrol as a method to fight the development of cancer as well aid in the destruction of cancerous tissue.7 These studies are still in early phases, but the potential outcomes are very exciting.

Perhaps the most well-known research of resveratrol is in its potential to extend longevity. Trans-resveratrol has been shown in numerous experiments to lessen the damage of diseases related to aging.8,9,10 Reserveage Organics‘ was founded with the goal of providing only the finest, purest resveratrol to consumers while promoting the sustainability of nature. Reserveage supplements are created through a proprietary process that preserves the essential phytonutrients found in grapes. By maintaining these strict standards, Reserveage boosts the bioavailability of resveratrol resulting in products unsurpassed in purity, potency and freshness. At Reserveage, we are committed to the extension of youth—naturally.

For more information about the complete line of resveratrol-based nutritional supplements, call (800) 553-1896 or visit www.reserveage.com. References: 1 Lagouge M, Argmann C, Gerhart-Hines Z, et al. Resveratrol improves mitochondrial function and protects against metabolic disease by activating SIRT1 and PGC-1·. Cell. 2006 Dec 15;127(6):1109-22.

2 Castro R, Lamas J, Morais P, Sanmartín ML, Orallo F, Leiro J. Vet Immunol Immunopathol. 2008 Nov 15;126(1-2):9-19.

Epub 2008 3 Francine Z. Marques, M. Andrea Markus and Brian J. Morris. Basic & Clinical Genomics Laboratory, School of Medical Sciences and Bosch Institute, Building F13, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia.

4 Sies H. Oxidative stress: oxidants and antioxidants. Exp Physiol. 1997 Mar;82(2):291-5.

5 J. Bost, J.M. Smoliga, K. M. Bost, and J.

C. Maroon. Three months oral supplementation of a unique polyphenol mixture improves physical and neurocognitive performance indicators in sedentary adults. Presented at American College of Sports and Medicine (ACSM) annual meeting, May 2008.

6 Kevin J. Pearson, David A. Sinclair, and Rafael de Cabo. Resveratrol delays age-related deterioration and mimics transcriptional aspects of dietary restriction without existing lifespan.

Cell Metabolism 8 (2) (August 2008):157-168.

7 Jang M, Cai L, Udeani GO. Science. 1997 Jan 10;275(5297):218-20.

8 Baur JA, Pearson KJ, Price NL. Resveratrol improves health and survival of mice on a highcalorie diet. Nature. 2006 Nov 16;444(7117):337-42.

9 Gruber J, Tang SY, Halliwell B. Evidence for a trade-off between survival and fitness caused by Resveratrol treatment of Caenorhabditis elegans.

Ann N Y Acad Sci. 2007 Apr;1100:530-42.

10 Howitz KT, Bitterman KJ, Cohen HY, et al.

Small molecule activators of sirtuins extend Saccharomyces cerevisiae lifespan. Nature.

2003 Sep 11;425(6954):191-6.Sabinsa Corporation 20 Lake Dr. East Windsor, NJ 08520 Phone: (732) 777-1111 Fax: (732) 777-1443 e-Mail: info@sabinsa.com Website: www.sabinsa.com Boswellin PS : The Next Generation Boswellia serrata ExtractThe gum resin of Boswellia serrata (N.O. Burseraceae) known as “Dhup,” Indian frankincense or Indian olibanum, is valued as a source of healthful phytonutrients.

The health applications of Indian frankincense, long known in the ayurvedic tradition, have come into focus in the western world, over the last 30 years, resulting in expanded applications of standardized extracts. Such extracts are used as ingredients in dietary supplements and cosmetics, to support healthy aging. The most popular application in dietary supplements is in joint health support products, to support normal joint functions and mobility.

Boswellia serrata (Sallaki or Salai guggal) has a long history of use in the ayurvedic tradition in managing inflammatory conditions.

Recent scientific evidence increasingly supports the healthful effects of this plant. Typically, the gum oleoresin exudates of Boswellia serrata is reported to contain sesquiterpenoid essential oils (8-12 percent w/w), polysaccharides (45-60 percent w/w) and higher terpenoids (25–35 percent w/w). The biomarker constituents in the extract of the gum resin are a group of pentacyclic triterpene compounds, known as boswellic acids.

Boswellic acids have been shown to inhibit 5-lipoxygenase, an enzyme that catalyzes the formation of pro-inflammatory leukotrienes from arachidonic acid.

In addition to this mechanism, boswellic acids also decrease the activity of the enzyme, human leukocyte elastase (HLE).

As leukotriene formation and HLE release are increased simultaneously in inflammation and hypersensitivity-based human diseases, it is believed that the reported blockade of two pro-inflammatory enzymes by boswellic acids, in conjunction to their beneficial effects on complement proteins and mast cell stabilizing activity, could explain the healthful effects of Boswellia extracts, as documented in multiple preclinical and clinical studies.

Extracts of Boswellia serrata gum resin are generally resinous in nature, and the biomarker boswellic acids (lipophilic compounds) are insoluble in water.

Boswellin PS Boswellin®1 PS2* represents an improvement over existing conventional Boswellia serrata extracts, providing manufacturers with a more water soluble version with enhanced joint health support potential. Boswellin PS offers a unique release profile for the active ingredients.

In addition to boswellic acids, (the active principles for which boswellia extracts are conventionally standardized), the PS version contains Polysal™, a natural polysaccharide fraction from the gum resin of Boswellia serrata.

The Polysal fraction is water soluble and enhances the healthful role of boswellic acids in the extract.

Experimental Evidence In in vitro studies and in animal models of induced inflammation tested with Boswellin, a conventional product standardized for boswellic acids, Boswellin PS containing both boswellic acids and the polysaccharide fraction from Boswellia serrata gum resin, and Polysal the polysaccharides fraction, Boswellin PS was found to be more effective.

Effect of Boswellin PS on the Markers of Inflammation: LPS (lipopolysaccharide) endotoxin triggers systemic inflammatory response. TNFalpha (tumor necrosis factor, a cytokine) plays a very important role in the pathogenesis of septic shock induced by LPS.

Dysregulation of TNF production has been implicated in a variety of human diseases, including cancer. IL-‚ (interleukin- beta, a cytokine) features in physiological immune responses and in the development of various immunopathological disorders. Nitric oxide (NO) production is important in protecting vital organs against ischemic damage; however, uncontrolled production is associated with deleterious effects.

The anti-inflammatory potential of Boswellin and Boswellin PS* was evaluated by flow cytometric studies in mouse neutrophils, and in the levels of inflammatory mediators in the serum of mice that received the actives. The results of these studies are summarized in the figures.3 Conclusions Unlike non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDS), Boswellia serrata extract does not induce ulcers or gastrointestinal discomfort. Boswellin PS provides a total extract of healthful constituents from Boswellia serrata gum resin. Boswellin PS contains no added excipients or fillers, and offers safe and sustained natural support in managing discomfort associated with inflammation.

References: 1 A trademark of Sabinsa Corporation 2 PS : Polysal™ a trademark of Sabinsa Corporation

* Patent Pending 3 Research Report, Sabinsa Corporation, 2009.Source Naturals 23 Janis Way Scotts Valley, CA 95066 Phone: (831) 438-6851; (800) 777-5677 Fax: (831) 438-7410 e-Mail: Csp1@thresholdent.com Website: www.SourceNaturals.com Resveratrol: The Possibility of LongevityIn the 16th century, the world was ablaze with talk of Ponce de Leon’s supposed discovery of the Fountain of Youth, magical waters that promised the unfathomable: a long, healthy life. Alas, he discovered Florida, not the fountain, but our hopes for longer, more vital lives have never diminished.

Now the world is blazing with a new discovery, and this time it has proven scientific backing. Studies show that resveratrol may be a key to healthy aging. Resveratrol, a compound found in grapes and berries, is being studied worldwide for its phenomenal health benefits. Resveratrol’s presence in red wine has received wide attention, but it is also found in many other plants such as pine trees. Could it be that discovering the secrets of the plant kingdom could be the “true” fountain of youth? Recent studies point that they very well could be.

Researchers at Harvard Medical School recently made headlines when they identified the resveratrol molecule as a compound they believe may hold the key to healthy aging for humans. It has long been known that caloric restriction increases longevity in most mammals, including humans. The Harvard researchers discovered that resveratrol mimics the benefits of caloric restriction by activating the SIRT family of genes.

Discovered in the 1990s, these genes tell the body it is running low on nutrients, which triggers processes that protect tissues and burn off fat reserves.

Resveratrol stimulates SIRT genes, making the body think it is undergoing calorie reduction. The resulting metabolic actions are beneficial to healthy aging and overall health.

But healthy aging is only the beginning.

Resveratrol’s benefits are even more profound.

Resveratrol is a key to healthy inflammation response. As one of the most discussed conditions in health research today, Metabolic Inflammation™ is said to affect over half the US adult population.

Metabolic inflammation is our bodies’ natural response to sedentary, stressful lifestyles, nutrientpoor diets and environmental toxicity.

Resveratrol has been shown to address inflammation messengers such as NF kappa-B, prostaglandin E- 2, c-Jun N-terminal kinase and the COX-2 enzyme. One of the most important actions, the inhibition of NF kappa-B, appears to be strongly linked with some of the greatest health issues of our day. NfkB is a transcription factor, it binds to DNA and transcribes or duplicates it, passing along the DNA’s instructions, which can include pro-inflammatory actions, or the reproduction of pro-inflammatory molecules.

These instructions regulate genes and influence cellular responses and they direct the replication and activity of cells. Inhibiting this molecule is an important part of cellular health and the first step in healthy inflammation response.

At the core of aging are free radicals and the oxidation process. Free radicals are atoms or groups of atoms with unpaired electrons that are formed when oxygen interacts with certain molecules.

Free radicals are highly reactive and can bind with other molecules, potentially initiating a chain reaction as successive molecules lose and gain electrons; the theft of electrons by free radicals can disrupt cellular processes.

Antioxidants like resveratrol safely quench free radicals and halt the chain reaction. Resveratrol upgrades the body’s antioxidant capacities. Studies show that it enhances the effectiveness of other antioxidants, such as vitamins C and E, and beta-carotene.

Research has documented additional benefits of resveratrol, including:

• Circulation support by inhibiting platelet aggregation.

• Healthy mammary and skin tissue support in mice by suppressing damaging free radicals.

• Preclinical studies show resveratrol to inhibit COX-1 and COX-2 enzymes, which are involved with inflammation, cellular growth and regeneration.

At Source Naturals, we feel that resveratrol contributes to optimal health so strongly that we include it in our flagship multi vitamin, Life Force.

For a long and vital life, resveratrol belongs at the center of your healthy aging regimen.

References: Bowers, J.L. et al. 2000. Resveratrol acts as a mixed agonist/antagonist for estrogen receptors alpha and beta. Endocrinol. 141(10):3657-67.

Fustier, P. et al. 2003. Resveratrol increases BRCA1 and BRCA2 mRNA expression in breast tumour cell lines. Brit J Cancer. 89(1):168-72.

Howitz, Konrad T. et al. 2003. Small molecule activators of sirtuins extend Saccharomyces cerevisiae lifespan. Nature.

425:191-196.

Jang, M. et al. 1997. Cancer chemopreventive activity of resveratrol, a natural product derived from grapes. Science. 275(5297):218-20.

Pace-Asciak CR, et al. 1996. Wines and grape juices as modulators of platelet aggregation in healthy human subjects. Clin Chim Acta.246(1-2):163-82. Pervaiz, S. 2003. Resveratrol: from grapevines to mammalian biology. The FASEB Journal: 17:1975-1985.

Stivala L, et al. 2001. Specific Structural Determinants are Responsible for the Antioxidant Activity and the Cell Cycle Effects of Resveratrol.

J of Biological Chemistry: 276(25):22586- 22594.Sprunk-Jansen 11 Fifth St., Ste. 106 Petaluma, CA 94952 Phone: (888) 977-7865 Fax: (866) 520-0920 Website: www.sprunk-jansen.com Sprunk-Jansen’s WEIGHLEVELObesity in the United States is an enormous problem; its costs are mammoth.

The following statistics clearly demonstrate one of the most significant opportunities for the dietary supplement industry: The overall weight loss market in 2009 amounted to $68 billion, projected in one year to swell by $4 billion to $72 billion; contrast this with the 2004 market that tallied $47 billion. Of that, in 2009, Americans spent $33 billion on weight loss products and services. Complications stemming from obesity caused nearly $4 billion in lost productivity and were responsible for accruing $93 billion in medical bills.1 The aforementioned opportunity slims down to a key point: many weight loss supplement companies push marketing before and over research, and many brands lack research on finished products.1 But there are some that are building an impressive portfolio of research showing quantifiable efficacy—WEIGHLEVEL ™ is one such dietary supplement.

A new study, “A Double Blinded- Randomized Clinical Study with WEIGHLEVEL, a combination of four medicinal plants used in Traditional Greco-Arab and Islamic Medicine,” was recently published in the February 2010 issue of the peer reviewed Open Complementary Medicine Journal.

The newly published research is a randomized, double-blind, placebocontrolled clinical study carried out with 34 individuals who sustained their normal eating and lifestyle habits while taking one WEIGHLEVEL tablet or placebo 30 minutes prior to each meal, three times a day, for three months. After three months, test subjects showed the statistically significant average weight loss of 20.9 pounds and reductions in body mass index (BMI).2 The four active herbs in WEIGHLEVEL, specifically chosen for their synergistic properties, include lady’s mantle ( Alchemilla vulgaris

L. ), olive (Olea europaea L.), wild mint (Mentha longiforia

L. ) and cumin (Cuminum cyminum

L. ). These traditional Greek-Arabic herbs work together to suppress the appetite, increase thermogenesis (fat burning) and stimulate metabolism.

Lead researcher Omar Said explained in the study, “We speculate that the combination of the four plants in WEIGHLEVEL may cause weight loss, in part, due to an increase thermogenesis in brown adipocytes.” 2 This is the second study that demonstrates safety and efficacy of WEIGHLEVEL in promoting healthy weight loss for men and women.

Previous peer reviewed and published research in 2008 established WEIGHLEVEL to be safe and effective in weight loss in preclinical in vivo and in vitro studies, including an uncontrolled human trial that resulted in significant and progressive weight loss averaging 2.2 pounds per week over three months.3 Researchers of this placebo-controlled study of 66 overweight and obese adults gave one group one tablet of WEIGHLEVEL one-half hour prior to each meal every day for three months.

Both groups were instructed to maintain their normal diets and lifestyle habits.

The researchers found that those who took WEIGHLEVEL regularly lost an average of 2.2 pounds per week. 3 Study researcher Eli Kassis, PhD, director of medical affairs and research for Sprunk-Jansen A/S in Copenhagen, Denmark, said, “Our testing shows that food supplement WEIGHLEVEL provides a significant weight loss without the need to go on a restrictive diet.

The three-month trial demonstrated that on average participants lost 1kg per week.” Specifically, average weight was reduced from baseline of 90.5 ± 1.2 kg to 78.5 ±1.4 kg at three months (p ‹

0. 0005). Subjects’ average BMI was reduced after three months from 28.5 ±

1. 2 kg/m and 32.1 ± 1.8 kg/m to 24.5 ±

1. 4 kg/m and 27.5 ± 2.2 kg/m in overweight and obese group, respectively.

No significant effects were seen in the control group who was asked to restrict it to three main meals.3 References: 1 “Market Overview for the Weight Loss Opportunity in the Nutrition Industry” Nutracon Weight Management Webinar, January 14, 2010; Thomas D. Aarts Co-Founder, Nutrition Business Journal; Principal, Nutrition Capital Network 2 Said, O., et al, “A Double Blinded- Randomized Clinical Study with WEIGHLEVEL, a combination of four medicinal plants used in Traditional Greco-Arab and Islamic Medicine,” The Open Complementary Medicine Journal, 2010, 2, 1-6 3 Said, O, et al. “Weight loss in animals and humans treated with ‘Weighlevel’, a combination of four medicinal plants used in traditional arabic and Islamic medicine. Evid Based Complement Altern Med 2008; 5: 421-8.Wakunaga of America Co., Ltd.

23501 Madero Mission Viejo CA 92691 Phone: (800) 421-2998 Fax: (949) 458-2764 Website: www.kyolic.comHeart Test Gets a Boost—But So Does GarlicThe aging process of Kyolic® takes up to 20 months and is extracted from organic raw garlic. There are five distinctive water sulphur compounds found only in the aging process of Aged Garlic Extract. These unique compounds are: 1 Tetra-hydro Carboline (free radical protectors) 2 Fructosyl-Arginine (inhibits the oxidation of LDL) 3 F-4 Protein (immune modulators) 4 Saponin (activates the endogenous anti-oxidant enzymes) 5 S-allyl mercaptocysteine [SAMC] (inhibits abnormal cell growth) Kyolic Aged Garlic Extract™ is the only garlic nutritional supplement to receive a US patent for lowering homocysteine, a marker more important than cholesterol.

Kyolic is the only garlic supplement proven to activate phase 2 enzymes, thus protecting the cells from potential carcinogens.

The question is…how does Aged Garlic Extract stack up against statins, aspirin and placebos?

The answer came in a double-blind, placebo controlled, one-year study at UCLA Harbor School of Medicine by Dr. Matthew J. Budoff, an associate professor of medicine and director of cardiac computed tomography (CT). Budoff has conducted extensive research over the years using coronary calcium screening to identify those patients at high risk for cardiac events, progression of coronary calcium and non-invasive CT angiography.

He has published over 200 articles and book chapters on these topics.

Budoff was recently named one of the top doctors for men in 2007, and listed as a Los Angeles Super Doctor by his peers. In addition to his many titles, Budoff is a Fellow of the American College of Cardiology and the American Heart Association.

So how do you turn a garlic skeptic into a garlic believer? Budoff’s clinical study tells it all.

Kyolic Formula 108 (Aged Garlic Extract, B-6, B-12, Folic Acid and Larginine) was proven more effective than statins, aspirin and placebos in all of the following categories: eight times more effective at inhibiting coronary calcification,

4. 5 times more effective in lowering homocysteine, three times more effective in increasing HDL levels, 17 times more effective in preventing the oxidation of LDL and 3.5 times more effective in lowering total cholesterol without any side effects—just side benefits.

Budoff’s clinical study involved half of his heart patients taking statins, aspirin and a placebo while the other half took statins, aspirin and Kyolic. The results speak for themselves. Kyolic made the difference in lowering the risk of heart disease, not statins and aspirin! Budoff now states, “Take Aged Garlic Extract, it may save your life!” Budoff’s clinical study was so impressive that he was invited to Europe’s largest Cardiovascular Convention in Munich Germany in September 2007.

The topic discussed was “Do we need Complimentary Medicine in the Prevention and Treatment of Cardiovascular Disease?” A study in the New England Journal of Medicine, funded by the National Institutes of Health and involving more that 6,400 people nationwide, disclosed that participants with a moderate amount of calcium buildup in their arteries had a seven times greater risk of heart disease than people with no deposits. And people with a large build-up had a 10 times greater risk.

Coronary calcium scanning strongly predicts heart attack risk.

The procedure is non-invasive and takes only about 15 minutes. Patients are issued a score indicating the level of calcium build-up.

Kyolic Research Studies (over 620 clinical and peer reviewed studies) include: heavy metal detoxification, Alzheimer’s, diabetes, endothelial functions, AIDS, cancer prevention, oxidative damage, lowering blood pressure, candida and modulating cardiovascular risk factors, etc. Kyolic also increased the production of an endothelial relaxing factor, a cellular nitric oxide that improves endothelial function and helps reduce hypertension.

In a randomized, double-blind, placebo- controlled trial, 15 men with coronary artery disease were treated with

2. 4g of Aged Garlic Extract per day or a placebo for two weeks.

The Aged Garlic Extract treatment resulted in an increase in endothelial function (44 percent increase in dilation and blood flow) compared to the placebo, indicating that a short-term treatment with Aged Garlic Extract can improve impaired endothelial function in men with coronary artery disease treated with aspirin and statins.

The condition of cells and the efficacy in which they carry on their tasks determines to a great degree our good health. And most major degenerative disease is the result of damage or changes to our cells.

Kyolic Aged Garlic Extract is truly the anti-aging garlic supplement with a high antioxidant activity and as a plus, is a universal cell protector. The garlic of course is odor free and organically grown.World Organic Corp. 5242 Bolsa Ave., Ste. 3 Huntington Beach, CA 92649 Phone: (714) 893-0017 Fax: (714) 897-5677 e-Mail: plicata@prodigy.net Chlorophyll: The “Green Blood” of Plants May Contribute to Human Health, TooOften referred to as “Nature’s Green Magic,” chlorophyll is the green pigment found in all green plants. Using sunlight and water absorbed from the roots, the plants undergo a process called photosynthesis that relies on chlorophyll to produce chemical energy in the form of carbohydrates. This is the food the plant uses, which we then eventually consume when we eat the plant.

In a recent article, James F. Balch, MD noted that, “Chlorophyll has been compared with human blood by some researchers. They refer to chlorophyll as the ‘blood’ of plants, and the analogy is quite appropriate when you consider the chemical composition of each.

Hemoglobin (blood) and chlorophyll are indeed similar; just about the only difference is that hemoglobin contains iron bonded in its structure, and chlorophyll contains magnesium.” In his book, Chlorophyll and Comfrey, Vincent Licata credits Dr. Richard Willstatter with being the first to discover the value of chlorophyll. Licata wrote, “He pointed out that all of life energy comes from the sun. Green plants alone possess the secret of how to capture this solar energy. Out of this process stems much of what we know as life and growth.” Licata also quotes Emil Burgi, who posited a number of health-enhancing functions for chlorophyll that go well beyond its use as a coloring agent and breath freshener. According to Burgi, “Chlorophyll is recommended as an excellent specific for influencing anemia of various kinds, for bettering the general condition of health, for improving the action of the heart and for reducing blood pressure in cases where it is abnormally high. In cases of heart block, weakness of the heart, etc., in conjunction with abnormal blood pressure (usually due to arteriosclerosis), the administration of chlorophyll brought about a slow but rather considerable improved action of the heart. It stimulates peristalsis, improves the intestines and is a mild diuretic.” Licata also cites the work of Dr. Benjamin Gurskin, director of experimental pathology at Temple University in Philadelphia, and two of Gurskin’s associates, Drs. Redpath and Davis. The latter two were ear, nose and throat specialists who treated more than 1,000 patients of all ages for a wide range of ailments, including head colds, acute catarrhal inflammations, hay fever and acute sinus infections.

According to Gurskin, “it is interesting to note that there is not a single case recorded in which either improvement or cure has not taken place.” Similarly, Dr. Carol Wright, a professor of dermatology at Temple, using chlorophyll in ointment form, found it effective in treating several types of skin disease, most particularly chronic ulcers and impetigo.

Chlorophyll normally is used in its liquid form in the natural health care industry. The material is extracted in the laboratory from alfalfa leaves and/or other green plants. In order to create a stable, water-soluble liquid, the magnesium atom in chlorophyll is replaced with copper and sodium atoms. Thus, when the liquid chlorophyll is swallowed, it remains unchanged until it reaches the small intestine. Some have asked why it is not recommended that people satisfy their need for chlorophyll by eating lots of fresh, green plants— particularly those of a deep green color.

The answer is that the chlorophyll in plants is surrounded by a fatty substance that may limit absorption in the small intestine.

Even the mainstream pharmaceutical industry has taken notice of chlorophyll.

Listed in the Physicians’ Desk Reference (PDR) is a drug called Derifil, which is composed of 100mg of water-soluble chlorophyll derivatives (Rystan brand, 100 percent concentration) per tablet or per teaspoonful of prepared solution. According to the PDR, Derifil can be used “for control of fecal and urinary odors in colostomy, ileostomy or incontinence.” Other attributes include its ability “to deodorize certain necrotic, ulcerative lesions such as decubitus ulcers; also urinary and fecal fistulas and certain breath and body odors related to faulty hygiene.” According to the Merck Index (12th edition, p. 359), the widely respected encyclopedia of chemicals, drugs and biologicals, chlorophyll is listed in the therapeutic category as a deodorant and has been used to reduce odors and topically to promote healing of skin lesions.

World Organic Corp. offers this alert to individuals using chlorophyll: “You may notice a green coloring to the urine or feces, but this is perfectly natural as chlorophyll has a dark green color itself.” The company said that its preservative-free chlorophyll supplements, all of which are naturally derived from alfalfa, are available in various formats, including liquid (in two strengths—100mg or 50mg per tablespoonful), two-piece hard shell capsule and soft gelatin capsule. World Organic suggests “the softgels are especially convenient in that one may add them directly to ileostomy or colostomy bags where they will dissolve and control odors. They may also be taken orally.” References: “Green Foods” by James F. Balch, M.D., TotalHealth.Jan./Feb. 2000 Chlorophyll and Comfrey by Vincent Licata The How To Herb Book by Velma J. Keith and Monteen Gordon Nutritional Herbology by Mark Pedersen Physicians’ Desk Reference (PDR) Merck Index, 12th edition, p. 359

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